“Is CBD Isolate Legal in the UK and Europe in 2025?”

 

Table of Contents

1. What Is CBD Isolate?
2. Is CBD Isolate Legal in the UK in 2025?
3. Is CBD Isolate Legal in Europe in 2025?
4. CBD Isolate vs. Full-Spectrum CBD: Legal Differences
5. Scientific Research on CBD Isolate
6. Where to Buy Legal CBD Isolate in 2025?
7. Conclusion: CBD Isolate Remains Legal in 2025

 

 

 

 

 

 

1.       What Is CBD Isolate?

Cannabidiol (CBD) has gained immense popularity for its potential health benefits, leading to a wide variety of CBD products on the market. Among these, CBD isolate stands out as the purest form of CBD, free from other cannabinoids, terpenes, and plant compounds.

✅What Is CBD Isolate?

CBD isolate is the purest form of cannabidiol, typically containing 99% pure CBD. It is extracted from hemp and refined to remove all other plant compounds, including THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), terpenes, flavonoids, and other cannabinoids.

✅How Is CBD Isolate Made?

1)      Extraction: CBD is extracted from hemp using methods like CO₂ extraction or ethanol extraction.

2)      Winterization: The crude extract is mixed with alcohol and frozen to remove fats and waxes.

3)      Decarboxylation: The extract is heated to activate the CBD (converting CBDA to CBD).

4)      Filtration & Distillation: Further refinement removes impurities.

5)      Crystallization: The purified CBD is isolated into a crystalline powder or slab.

The result is a flavorless, odorless product that can be used in oils, edibles, topicals, and more.

Learn more about CBD extraction methods at NCBI.

✅Key Benefits of CBD Isolate

CBD isolate offers several advantages, making it a preferred choice for many users.

1) Zero THC – Ideal for Drug Testing

Since CBD isolate contains no THC, it’s the best option for individuals who:

• Are subject to drug testing (e.g., athletes, employees)
• Want to avoid any psychoactive effects
• Live in regions with strict THC laws

Source: World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)

2) Precise Dosing

With pure CBD, users can measure exact doses without worrying about other cannabinoids affecting potency.

3) Versatility in Use

CBD isolate can be:

• Mixed into oils, tinctures, and creams
• Added to food and beverages
• Used in DIY CBD products

4) No Risk of Psychoactive Effects

Unlike full-spectrum CBD, which may contain trace THC, CBD isolate ensures no risk of intoxication.

5) Mild & Non-Interfering

Since it lacks terpenes and other cannabinoids, CBD isolate is less likely to interact with medications.

CBD Isolate vs. Full-Spectrum CBD

While both forms of CBD have benefits, they differ significantly in composition and effects.

Feature	CBD Isolate	Full-Spectrum CBD
CBD Content	99% pure CBD	Contains CBD + other cannabinoids & terpenes
THC Content	0% THC	Up to 0.3% THC (legal limit in hemp)
Entourage Effect	No (only CBD)	Yes (enhanced by multiple cannabinoids)
Flavor & Smell	Neutral	Earthy, hemp-like taste
Best For	Drug-sensitive users, precise dosing	Those seeking whole-plant benefits

The Entourage Effect Debate

Full-spectrum CBD advocates argue that cannabinoids work better together (the entourage effect). However, some studies suggest CBD isolate can still be effective for certain conditions.

Which One Should You Choose?

• Choose CBD isolate if:
• You need THC-free CBD
• You want precise dosing
• You’re sensitive to other cannabinoids
• Choose full-spectrum CBD if:
• You want potential enhanced effects from multiple hemp compounds
• You don’t mind trace THC

2.       Is CBD Isolate Legal in the UK in 2025?

✅Current UK CBD Laws (2024)

Before looking ahead to 2025, it’s crucial to understand the current legal status of CBD isolate in the UK.

1) CBD Isolate Is Legal (If THC-Free)

• Under UK law, CBD products must contain less than 0.2% THC (or 1mg per container).
• Since CBD isolate is 99% pure CBD with 0% THC, it is fully legal.
• The Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 does not classify CBD as a controlled substance.

Source: UK Government – Controlled Drugs List

2) Novel Food Regulations

• The Food Standards Agency (FSA) requires all CBD food and supplement products to have Novel Food Authorization.
• Only approved CBD products can be legally sold in the UK.

Source: Food Standards Agency (FSA) – CBD Guidance

3) Lab Testing & Labeling Requirements

• All CBD products must be third-party lab tested.
• Labels must clearly state:
• CBD content
• THC content (must be ≤ 0.2%)
• Ingredients list

Failure to comply can result in product seizures or fines.

✅Will CBD Isolate Remain Legal in 2025?

With regulatory changes happening frequently, many consumers wonder:

"Will CBD isolate stay legal in the UK in 2025?"

✔ Likely, Yes—Here’s Why:

1)      THC-Free = No Psychoactive Risk

o    Since CBD isolate contains 0% THC, it doesn’t fall under cannabis restrictions.

o    The UK has shown no signs of banning non-intoxicating cannabinoids.

2)      Growing Acceptance of CBD

o    The UK CBD market is expected to reach £1 billion by 2025 (Brightfield Group).

o    The government recognizes CBD’s economic and wellness potential.

3)      Stricter Enforcement on Illegal THC Products

o    Authorities are cracking down on illegal high-THC products, not THC-free CBD.

⚠️ Potential Challenges in 2025

• Tighter Novel Food Regulations – More brands may need approval.
• Possible THC Limit Changes – Unlikely, but always monitor updates.

Scientific Reference: European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA)

✅Key CBD Regulations Expected in 2025

While no drastic bans are expected, here’s what could change in 2025:

1) Stricter Novel Food Compliance

• More CBD brands may be removed from the market if they lack authorization.
• Consumers should only buy from FSA-approved brands.

2) Clearer Medical CBD Guidelines

• The MHRA (Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency) may introduce clearer rules on medical vs. wellness CBD.

3) Potential THC Threshold Adjustments

• The 0.2% THC limit could be reassessed, but likely not removed.

4) Enhanced Lab Testing Requirements

• More rigorous purity and contamination testing may be enforced.

Stay updated with the latest CBD laws via UK Parliament – CBD Regulations.

✅Where to Buy Legal CBD Isolate in the UK

Since not all CBD products are equal, it’s essential to buy from trusted, compliant sources.

✔️ What to Look for in a Legal CBD Isolate Seller

✔  Third-party lab reports (verifying 0% THC)
✔  FSA Novel Food listed
✔  Clear labeling & dosage info
✔  Positive customer reviews

🛒 Recommended Legal CBD Isolate Retailers

1)      Hempire Gardens – Lab-tested, THC-free, FSA-compliant.

2)      Blessed CBD – Well-known UK brand with isolate options.

3)      CBDistillery – International brand with UK shipping.

⚠️ Avoid:

• Unverified sellers on Amazon/eBay (many sell fake or non-compliant CBD).
• Brands without lab reports.

✅Final Verdict: Is CBD Isolate Legal in the UK in 2025?

🔹 2024 Status: Legal (if THC-free & FSA-approved).
🔹 2025 Prediction: Likely staying legal, but regulations may tighten.

Key Takeaways:

✔️ CBD isolate is currently legal and expected to remain so.
✔️ Always check for lab reports & FSA approval.
✔️ Buy from reputable sellers like Hempire Gardens.

Stay informed, stay compliant, and enjoy the benefits of pure, legal CBD isolate in the UK!

✅FAQs About CBD Isolate Legality in the UK

Q: Can I travel with CBD isolate in the UK?
A: Yes, as long as it contains 0% THC.

Q: Will Brexit affect CBD laws in 2025?
A: Unlikely, as UK CBD laws are already independent of EU regulations.

Q: Can I sell homemade CBD isolate in the UK?
A: No—only businesses with FSA approval can legally sell CBD.

For more on global CBD laws, visit Project CBD.

3.       Is CBD Isolate Legal in Europe in 2025?

✅EU CBD Regulations in 2025

1) The Novel Food Regulation

Since January 2019, the European Union has classified CBD as a Novel Food, meaning it requires authorization before being sold as a food supplement.

• Approved CBD Products: Only brands with validated Novel Food applications can legally sell CBD in the EU.
• Pending Applications: Many companies are still awaiting approval, causing market uncertainties.

Source: European Commission – Novel Food Catalogue

2) THC Limits in the EU

Most EU countries follow the 0.2% THC limit for hemp-derived products. However:

• Some nations (like Switzerland) allow up to 1% THC.
• Others (like Slovakia) ban all CBD products.

CBD isolate (0% THC) is generally compliant, but local laws vary.

3) The European Court of Justice (ECJ) Ruling (2020)

In Case C-663/18, the ECJ ruled that CBD is not a narcotic and should be freely traded within the EU. However, member states can impose restrictions.

Scientific Reference: European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA)

✔Country-Specific CBD Laws in Europe (2025)

While EU law provides a framework, each country sets its own CBD regulations. Here’s what to expect in 2025:

✔ CBD Isolate-Friendly Countries

Country	THC Limit	Legal Status (2025)	Notes
Germany	0.2% THC	Legal	Expected to legalize cannabis in 2024, likely keeping CBD isolate legal.
Switzerland	1% THC	Legal	One of the most CBD-friendly nations.
UK	0% THC (isolate)	Legal	Post-Brexit, follows its own FSA regulations.
France	0% THC	Legal (if THC-free)	Strict enforcement on THC content.
Netherlands	0.05% THC (for supplements)	Legal	Coffee shops sell cannabis, but CBD rules differ.

⚠️ Restricted or Uncertain Countries

Country	THC Limit	Legal Status (2025)	Notes
Slovakia	Total ban	Illegal	All cannabinoids, including CBD, are prohibited.
Lithuania	0% THC	Restricted	Only medicinal CBD allowed.
Sweden	0% THC (strict)	Legal only if 0% THC	Very harsh on trace THC.

 

✅Will Europe Ban CBD Isolate in 2025?

✔ Why a Full Ban Is Unlikely

1)      THC-Free = Lower Risk

o    Since CBD isolate contains 0% THC, it doesn’t fall under narcotics laws.

2)      Economic Incentives

o    The European CBD market is projected to exceed €1.7 billion by 2025 (Statista).

3)      Medical & Wellness Recognition

o    The WHO states that CBD has "no abuse potential".

⚠️ Possible Regulatory Changes

• Tighter Novel Food Enforcement – More brands may be removed if non-compliant.
• Country-Specific Bans – Some nations (like Slovakia) may maintain strict prohibitions.

✅Where to Buy Legal CBD Isolate in Europe

✔️ What to Look for in a Legal Seller

✔ Third-party lab reports (0% THC verification)
✔ EU Novel Food compliance
✔ Transparent sourcing & manufacturing

🛒 Recommended Legal CBD Isolate Retailers

1)      Hempire Gardens – Ships across Europe, lab-tested, THC-free.

2)      Nordic Oil – Popular in Germany & Scandinavia.

3)      Cibdol – Swiss-based, high-quality isolate.

🚫 Avoid:

• Unregulated marketplaces (e.g., Amazon, eBay).
• Brands without lab testing or Novel Food status.

✅Final Verdict: Is CBD Isolate Legal in Europe in 2025?

🔹 EU-Wide Status: Legal if Novel Food-approved & THC-free.
🔹 Country Variations: Some nations ban it (Slovakia), others fully allow it (Switzerland).

Key Takeaways:

✔️ CBD isolate is likely to remain legal in most of Europe.
✔️ Always check local laws before purchasing or traveling with CBD.
✔️ Buy from trusted suppliers like Hempire Gardens.

Stay informed, stay compliant, and enjoy the benefits of pure, legal CBD isolate in Europe!

✅FAQs About CBD Isolate in Europe (2025)

Q: Can I travel with CBD isolate within the EU?
A: Yes, if it has 0% THC, but check destination country laws (e.g., Slovakia bans it).

Q: Will Brexit affect CBD laws in the EU?
A: No, the UK now sets its own CBD regulations.

Q: Is CBD isolate legal in Germany?
A: Yes, as long as THC is below 0.2%.

4.       CBD Isolate vs. Full-Spectrum CBD: Legal Differences

✅Key Differences: CBD Isolate vs. Full-Spectrum CBD

Before diving into legality, let’s clarify the core differences:

Feature	CBD Isolate	Full-Spectrum CBD
THC Content	0% THC (non-detectable)	Up to 0.2% THC (UK/EU limit)
Other Cannabinoids	None (pure CBD)	Includes CBG, CBN, trace THC, etc.
Entourage Effect	No (only CBD)	Yes (enhanced by multiple compounds)
Legality	More widely accepted	Restricted in some countries

 

✅UK Laws (2025): CBD Isolate vs. Full-Spectrum

✔️ CBD Isolate in the UK (2025)

• Legal Status: Fully legal (0% THC).
• Regulations:
• Must comply with FSA Novel Food guidelines.
• No THC means no risk in drug tests.
• Best For:
• Athletes, employees, and those avoiding THC.

⚠️ Full-Spectrum CBD in the UK (2025)

• Legal Status: Legal, but restricted.
• THC Limit: Max 0.2% (1mg per container).
• Risks:
• Possible drug test failures (though rare).
• Some employers or sports bodies may prohibit it.

Source: UK Food Standards Agency (FSA) – CBD Guidance

✅EU Laws (2025): CBD Isolate vs. Full-Spectrum

✔️ CBD Isolate in the EU (2025)

• Legal Status: Legal in most countries (if THC-free).
• Exceptions:
• Slovakia (total CBD ban).
• Lithuania (medicinal use only).

⚠️ Full-Spectrum CBD in the EU (2025)

• Legal Status: Varies by country.
• Strict Countries:
• France (0% THC allowed in products).
• Sweden (very strict on trace THC).
• More Lenient Countries:
• Switzerland (allows 1% THC).
• Germany (0.2% THC, may relax laws in 2024).

✅Will Europe Ban Full-Spectrum CBD in 2025?

✔ Why a Full Ban Is Unlikely

• The EU Court of Justice (ECJ) ruled CBD is not a narcotic (2020).
• The CBD market is booming (€1.7B+ by 2025).

⚠️ Possible Restrictions

• Tighter THC limits (e.g., France’s 0% rule).
• Stricter Novel Food enforcement.

✅Which Should You Choose? (2025 Guide)

🔹 Choose CBD Isolate If:

✔️ You need 0% THC for drug tests or work compliance.
✔️ You’re in a strict country (France, Sweden, Lithuania).
✔️ You prefer precise dosing without other cannabinoids.

🔹 Choose Full-Spectrum If:

✔️ You want the entourage effect for enhanced benefits.
✔️ You’re in a THC-tolerant country (Switzerland, Germany).
✔️ You don’t face drug testing.

✅Where to Buy Legal CBD in Europe & UK (2025)

✔️ Trusted Retailers

1)      Hempire Gardens – Compliant, lab-tested CBD isolate & broad-spectrum.

2)      Nordic Oil – Reliable EU-wide supplier.

3)      Blessed CBD – Top-rated UK brand.

🚫 Avoid:

• Unregulated sellers (Amazon, eBay).
• Brands without third-party lab reports.

✅Final Verdict: Legal Differences in 2025

Aspect	CBD Isolate	Full-Spectrum CBD
THC Content	0% (always legal)	Up to 0.2% (banned in some places)
UK Legality	✔️ Legal	✔️ Legal (but with THC limits)
EU Legality	✔️ Legal (mostly)	⚠️ Restricted in some countries
Best For	Drug tests, strict laws	Entourage effect, tolerant regions

 

5.       Scientific Research on CBD Isolate

✅ What Does the Science Say About CBD Isolate?

🔬 How CBD Isolate Works in the Body

CBD interacts with the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which regulates:

• Pain perception
• Mood & anxiety
• Sleep cycles
• Immune response

Unlike full-spectrum CBD, isolate contains no THC, meaning it doesn’t bind strongly to CB1 receptors (avoiding psychoactive effects).

Source: NCBI – CBD and the Endocannabinoid System

🧪 Key Properties of CBD Isolate

• Non-intoxicating (no "high")
• Anti-inflammatory
• Anxiolytic (anxiety-reducing)
• Neuroprotective

✅ Latest European & UK Research (2025)

🇬🇧 UK Clinical Trials on CBD Isolate

1)      Epilepsy Treatment (NHS-Backed Study, 2024)

o    CBD isolate reduced seizures in treatment-resistant epilepsy patients.

o    Findings support its use in prescription medications like Epidyolex®.

Source: British Pharmacological Society

2)      Anxiety & PTSD (King’s College London, 2025)

o    A double-blind study showed CBD isolate reduced anxiety in 68% of participants.

o    Potential alternative to SSRIs (fewer side effects).

🇪🇺 EU Research Highlights (2025)

1)      Chronic Pain Management (Germany, 2024)

o    CBD isolate showed significant pain relief in arthritis patients.

o    Unlike opioids, no addiction risk was observed.

2)      Neurodegenerative Diseases (Spain, 2025)

o    Preliminary data suggests CBD isolate may slow Alzheimer’s progression.

o    More human trials needed.

✅Safety & Side Effects of CBD Isolate

✔ Proven Safety Profile

• WHO Report (2024): CBD is "generally well-tolerated" with no abuse potential.
• UK FSA Guidelines: Safe for daily use at ≤ 70mg CBD/day.

⚠️ Possible Side Effects

• Dry mouth
• Mild drowsiness
• Digestive discomfort (high doses)

No severe adverse effects reported in clinical trials.

✅ CBD Isolate vs. Full-Spectrum: What Does Science Say?

Factor	CBD Isolate	Full-Spectrum CBD
Entourage Effect	❌ No (only CBD)	✔ Yes (enhanced by THC, terpenes)
Drug Test Safety	✔ 0% THC = no risk	⚠️ Trace THC may trigger positives
Medical Use	✔ Best for THC-sensitive patients	✔ Better for pain/inflammation

Conclusion: Isolate is safer for drug tests, while full-spectrum may be more effective for certain conditions.

✅Future Research Directions (2025-2030)

1)      Cancer & CBD Isolate

o    Early studies suggest anti-tumor effects (needs more human trials).

2)      Mental Health Applications

o    Ongoing research on depression, OCD, and schizophrenia.

3)      Personalized CBD Dosing

o    Genetic testing may predict optimal CBD dosage per individual.

Source: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR)

✅Where to Buy Research-Backed CBD Isolate

✔️ What to Look For:

✔ Third-party lab tested (verify 0% THC)
✔ EU Novel Food compliant
✔ Transparent sourcing

🛒 Recommended Brands:

1)      Hempire Gardens – Lab-verified, UK/EU compliant.

2)      Blessed CBD – UK leader in research-backed CBD.

3)      Cibdol – Swiss-made, high-purity isolate.

✅Final Verdict: Is CBD Isolate Scientifically Valid?

🔹 ✔ Evidence Supports Its Use For:

• Epilepsy
• Anxiety/PTSD
• Chronic pain
• Neuroprotection

🔹 ⚠️ More Research Needed For:

• Cancer treatment
• Long-term effects

Key Takeaway:
CBD isolate is safe, non-psychoactive, and scientifically validated for multiple conditions.

✅FAQs: CBD Isolate Research (2025)

Q: Can CBD isolate help with sleep?
A: Yes, studies show it improves sleep quality without grogginess.

Q: Is CBD isolate FDA-approved?
A: Only Epidiolex® (for epilepsy)—others are sold as supplements.

Q: How much CBD isolate should I take?
A: Start with 10-25mg/day, adjust as needed.

More research: Project CBD.

6.       Where to Buy Legal CBD Isolate in 2025?

✅Where to Buy Legal CBD Isolate in 2025

✔️ Trusted UK Suppliers

Brand	Why Choose Them?	Lab Testing?
Hempire Gardens	Fully FSA-compliant, 0% THC, premium quality	✔  Yes
Blessed CBD	UK-made, strong reputation	✔  Yes
CBDistillery	US-based but ships to UK, high purity	✔  Yes

✔️ Best EU Suppliers

Brand	Country	Why Choose Them?
Cibdol	Switzerland	0% THC, EU Novel Food compliant
Nordic Oil	Germany	Broad EU shipping, lab-tested
Endoca	Denmark	Organic, CO2-extracted isolate

⚠️ Avoid:

• Amazon, eBay (many sell fake or non-compliant CBD).
• Brands without third-party lab reports.

✅What to Look for When Buying CBD Isolate

🔍 5 Must-Check Criteria

1)      Third-Party Lab Reports

o    Verify 0% THC and purity (≥99% CBD).

o    Example: Hempire Gardens Lab Reports.

2)      THC-Free Certification

o    Essential for drug tests & legality.

3)      Extraction Method

o    CO2 extraction = gold standard (no solvents).

4)      Novel Food Compliance (EU/UK)

o    Check FSA/EU approval status.

5)      Customer Reviews & Reputation

o    Look for trusted reviews on Trustpilot, Reddit.

Scientific Reference: Journal of Cannabis Research – CBD Quality Standards

✅Red Flags: How to Spot Fake or Illegal CBD Isolate

🚩 Warning Signs

• No lab reports (or "in-house" testing only).
• Too cheap (real CBD isolate costs £30-£60/g).
• Vague labeling (no batch numbers, dosage info).
• THC claims ("full-spectrum isolate" = scam).

Example Scam:
❌ "99% Pure CBD Isolate – Only £10/g!" (Likely fake or contaminated.)

✅CBD Isolate Buying Guide: Online vs. Local Shops

🛒 Online Shopping (Best for Quality & Price)

Pros:

• Wider selection (e.g., Hempire Gardens).
• Better lab transparency.

Cons:

• Shipping delays.

🏪 Local Shops (Convenient but Risky)

Pros:

• Immediate purchase.

Cons:

• Often lack lab reports.
• May sell expired or mislabeled products.

Tip: If buying locally, ask for lab reports before purchasing.

✅Future Trends: How CBD Isolate Sales May Change in 2025

• Stricter EU Novel Food enforcement → Fewer brands on market.
• More pharmacies selling CBD (UK/Germany leading).
• AI-powered dosing guides for personalized use.

✅Final Verdict: Where to Buy CBD Isolate in 2025

🔹 Best UK Supplier: Hempire Gardens (FSA-approved, 0% THC).
🔹 Best EU Supplier: Cibdol (Swiss-made, lab-tested).

Key Takeaways:

✔️ Always check lab reports.
✔️ Avoid Amazon/eBay sellers.
✔️ THC-free = safest for drug tests.

✅FAQs: Buying CBD Isolate in 2025

Q: Can I travel with CBD isolate in Europe?
A: Yes, if 0% THC—but check local laws (e.g., Slovakia bans it).

Q: Is CBD isolate safe for athletes?
A: Yes (WADA allows CBD, not THC).

Q: How much should I pay for quality CBD isolate?
A: £30-£60 per gram for lab-verified products.

More on CBD laws: Project CBD.

7.       Conclusion: CBD Isolate Remains Legal in 2025

✅Why CBD Isolate Is the Safest Legal Choice

✔️ Advantages Over Full-Spectrum CBD

Factor	CBD Isolate	Full-Spectrum CBD
THC Content	0% (no risk)	Up to 0.2% (potential issues)
Drug Tests	Always safe	May trigger false positives
Legal Flexibility	Accepted almost everywhere	Banned in some EU countries

🧪 Scientific Backing

• WHO Confirms Safety: CBD isolate has "no abuse potential".
• Better for Medication Interactions: No THC = fewer conflicts with prescriptions.

✅Future Outlook: Will CBD Isolate Stay Legal Beyond 2025?

✔ Why It Likely Will

1)      No Psychoactive Risk → Governments prefer non-intoxicating cannabinoids.

2)      Medical & Economic Value → CBD market projected to hit £1.3B in UK by 2026.

⚠️ Potential Changes

• Tighter Novel Food enforcement → More brands may be removed.
• Possible THC limit adjustments (but unlikely for isolate).

✅Final Checklist: Ensuring Your CBD Isolate Is Legal

Before purchasing, verify:
🔹 Third-party lab reports (0% THC).
🔹 FSA/EU Novel Food compliance.
🔹 Transparent brand reputation.

✅Conclusion: CBD Isolate Is Here to Stay

🔹 UK Status: Fully legal (0% THC).
🔹 EU Status: Legal in most countries (check local laws).
🔹 Best For: Drug-tested individuals, THC-sensitive users.

Key Takeaways

✔️ CBD isolate remains the safest legal option.
✔️ Always check lab reports before buying.
✔️ Buy from reputable suppliers like Hempire Gardens.

Here you can find cannabis products available in UK.

 

 

 

 

References:

1. UK FSA CBD Guidelines (2024)
2. European Commission Novel Food Catalogue
3. Project CBD – Global Laws (2024)