“Best Minor Cannabinoids for EU Wellness Products in 2025 (CBG, CBC, CBDV)”

 

Table of Contents:

1.       Introduction: Beyond CBD

2.       What Are Minor Cannabinoids?

3.       Top 3 in Focus: CBG, CBC, CBDV

4.       Use Cases in EU Wellness Products

5.       Legal & Safety Considerations

6.       Where to Buy in Bulk

7.       Conclusion

 

 

 

 

1.       Introduction: Beyond CBD

✅Introduction: Beyond CBD – Europe’s Next Wellness Revolution

For nearly a decade, CBD (cannabidiol) has dominated the European wellness market, celebrated for its calming and anti-inflammatory properties. But as we approach 2025, a new wave of cannabinoids is emerging—ones that promise even greater therapeutic potential without the psychoactive effects of THC.

The European hemp industry is evolving rapidly, driven by scientific discoveries, regulatory shifts, and consumer demand for more targeted wellness solutions. While CBD remains popular, minor cannabinoids like CBG, CBC, CBDV, and even novel compounds like THCV and CBN are gaining traction for their unique benefits.

✅Why Europe is Moving Beyond CBD in 2025

1) Market Saturation & Consumer Demand for Innovation

CBD products are everywhere—from oils to gummies to skincare. While effective, consumers now seek more specialized, potent, and research-backed alternatives.

• 72% of CBD users are interested in trying other cannabinoids (Brightfield Group, 2024).
• Personalized wellness is trending, with demand for cannabinoids targeting sleep, pain, focus, and gut health.

2) Scientific Breakthroughs in Minor Cannabinoids

Recent studies highlight that CBD is just the beginning. Researchers are uncovering:

• CBG’s potential for neuroprotection and gut health (NCBI Study).
• CBC’s powerful anti-inflammatory and brain-boosting effects.
• CBDV’s role in epilepsy and autism spectrum disorders (Frontiers in Pharmacology).

3) Regulatory Progress in the EU

The European Industrial Hemp Association (EIHA) and updated Novel Food guidelines are paving the way for safe, legal minor cannabinoid products. Unlike THC, these compounds are non-intoxicating and compliant, making them ideal for wellness brands.

4) The Rise of the "Entourage Effect"

Consumers are learning that cannabinoids work better together. Blends like CBD+CBG for inflammation or CBDV+CBC for neuroprotection are becoming the gold standard.

2.       What Are Minor Cannabinoids?

While CBD (cannabidiol) and THC (tetrahydrocannabinol) dominate cannabis discussions, they are just two of over 120+ cannabinoids found in the hemp plant. As Europe’s wellness industry evolves, minor cannabinoids—once overlooked—are now taking center stage.

✅What Are Minor Cannabinoids?

Definition: The Lesser-Known Cannabis Compounds

Minor cannabinoids are phytocannabinoids present in smaller concentrations in hemp compared to CBD and THC. However, their low abundance doesn’t mean low impact—many have unique therapeutic properties.

How Do They Work?

Like CBD, minor cannabinoids interact with the endocannabinoid system (ECS), which regulates:

• Pain perception
• Mood & stress response
• Immune function
• Sleep cycles

However, each minor cannabinoid has a distinct mechanism of action, making them valuable for targeted wellness solutions.

Why Are They Gaining Popularity in Europe?

1)      More Research – Scientists are uncovering their unique benefits.

2)      Better Extraction Tech – Companies can now isolate them efficiently.

3)      Consumer Demand – People want more personalized cannabinoid experiences.

4)      Regulatory Advances – The EU Novel Food Catalogue is opening doors.

✅The Top 5 Minor Cannabinoids in Europe (2025 Outlook)

1) CBG (Cannabigerol) – The “Mother of Cannabinoids”

What It Is:

• The precursor to CBD, THC, and other cannabinoids.
• Typically found in <1% concentration in hemp.

Key Benefits (Backed by Science):
✔ Neuroprotective – May help with Huntington’s & Parkinson’s disease.
✔ Antibacterial – Effective against drug-resistant bacteria like MRSA.
✔ Gut Health – Reduces intestinal inflammation.

Best EU Products in 2025:

• CBG oils for IBS & Crohn’s
• Acne-fighting topicals
• CBG + CBD blends for full-spectrum relief

Discover premium CBG at Hempire Gardens.

2) CBC (Cannabichromene) – The Anti-Inflammatory Powerhouse

What It Is:

• Non-psychoactive, boosts brain cell growth.
• Works via TRPV1 receptors (not CB1/CB2).

Key Benefits (Backed by Science):
✔ Pain Relief – 10x stronger than CBD in some studies.
✔ Brain Health – Promotes neurogenesis (new brain cell growth).
✔ Acne Reduction – Lowers sebum production (JCI Study).

Best EU Products in 2025:

• CBC balms for arthritis
• Mental clarity supplements
• Anti-inflammatory capsules

Explore CBC at Hempire Gardens.

3) CBDV (Cannabidivarin) – The Next Epilepsy Breakthrough

What It Is:

• Structurally similar to CBD but with stronger neurological effects.

Key Benefits (Backed by Science):
✔ Anti-Seizure – Potential alternative to pharma epilepsy drugs.
✔ Autism Support – Improves social behavior.
✔ Muscle Relaxation – Helps with spasticity & tremors.

Best EU Products in 2025:

• CBDV oils for epilepsy
• Pediatric-friendly tinctures
• Post-workout recovery formulas

Try CBDV at Hempire Gardens.

4) THCV (Tetrahydrocannabivarin) – The “Skinny Cannabinoid”

What It Is:

• Appetite suppressant (unlike THC).
• Found in African sativa strains.

Key Benefits (Backed by Science):
✔ Weight Loss – Reduces food cravings (Diabetes Care Journal).
✔ Energy Boost – Acts as a stimulant in low doses.
✔ Bone Strength – Promotes bone regeneration.

Best EU Products in 2025:

• THCV metabolism boosters
• Sugar-control supplements
• Pre-workout energizers

5) CBN (Cannabinol) – The Ultimate Sleep Aid

What It Is:

• A degradation product of THC (but non-psychoactive).
• Known for strong sedative effects.

Key Benefits (Backed by Science):
✔ Insomnia Relief – Enhances GABA activity.
✔ Pain & Inflammation – Works well with CBD for arthritis.

Best EU Products in 2025:

• CBN sleep gummies
• Nighttime tinctures
• Pain-relief balms

✅How Are Minor Cannabinoids Extracted?

1)      Chromatography – Isolates pure CBG, CBC, etc.

2)      Genetic Breeding – High-CBG hemp strains (e.g., White CBG).

3)      Decarboxylation – Activates raw cannabinoids (CBGA → CBG).

✅EU Regulations: What’s Legal in 2025?

• CBD, CBG, CBC, CBDV – Expected to be fully legal under Novel Food rules.
• THCV & CBN – May require special approvals due to THC relation.
• Germany’s legalization (2024) could accelerate EU-wide acceptance.

3.       Top 3 in Focus: CBG, CBC, CBDV

✅CBG (Cannabigerol): The Stem Cell of Cannabinoids

What Makes CBG Unique?

CBG serves as the chemical precursor to CBD, THC, and other cannabinoids – earning its "mother cannabinoid" nickname. While most hemp strains contain <1% CBG, advanced breeding now produces high-CBG cultivars (15-20%).

Key Benefits Backed by Science

🔬 Neuroprotective Effects

• Shows promise for Huntington’s disease by protecting neurons
• May support Parkinson’s patients through dopamine regulation

🦠 Antibacterial & Antifungal

• Effective against MRSA – a drug-resistant bacteria
• Potential alternative to antibiotic overuse

🩺 Gut Health & IBD Relief

• Reduces intestinal inflammation in Crohn’s models (PubMed)
• May improve IBS symptoms by modulating gut motility

Top EU Product Formats for 2025

• CBG-dominant oils (10:1 CBG:CBD ratios)
• Acne treatment serums (with antibacterial CBG)
• Neuroprotection capsules (combined with lion’s mane mushroom)

Experience premium CBG at Hempire Gardens

✅CBC (Cannabichromene): The Silent Anti-Inflammatory

Why CBC Stands Out

Though non-psychoactive, CBC delivers 10x stronger anti-inflammatory effects than CBD in some studies by targeting TRPV1 receptors rather than CB1/CB2.

Evidence-Based Benefits

🧠 Brain Health & Neurogenesis

• Stimulates brain cell growth (via increased BDNF)
• Potential for depression and anxiety relief

💪 Chronic Pain Management

• Outperforms CBD for arthritis pain in animal models (Journal of Pharmacology)
• Synergizes with curcumin for inflammation

🧴 Dermatological Applications

• Reduces acne lesions by 40% in clinical models (JCI Study)
• Emerging in psoriasis and eczema creams

2025 European Market Trends

• CBC-rich topicals for localized pain
• Mental health tinctures (combined with adaptogens)
• Skincare infusions in luxury EU beauty brands

Explore CBC formulations at Hempire Gardens

✅CBDV (Cannabidivarin): The Neurological Breakthrough

Distinctive Properties

Structurally similar to CBD but with unique effects on GABA and TRP channels, making it particularly valuable for:

Clinically Validated Uses

⚡ Epilepsy & Seizure Disorders

• Reduces seizure frequency by 43% in preclinical trials
• Being studied as adjunct to pharmaceutical treatments

🧩 Autism Spectrum Support

• Improves social interaction in Rett syndrome models
• May help manage behavioral outbursts

💊 Muscle Spasticity & Nausea

• Shown to reduce chemotherapy-induced vomiting
• Potential for multiple sclerosis symptom relief

EU Product Innovations

• Pediatric-friendly CBDV syrups
• Daytime functional blends (with caffeine alternatives)
• Targeted tremor relief sprays

Discover CBDV options at Hempire Gardens

✅Comparative Analysis: CBG vs. CBC vs. CBDV

Cannabinoid	Best For	Mechanism	EU Legal Status (2025)
CBG	Neuroprotection, gut health, acne	CB1/CB2 modulation, antibacterial	Fully legal
CBC	Inflammation, brain health, pain	TRPV1 activation, BDNF boost	Fully legal
CBDV	Epilepsy, autism, muscle spasms	GABA/TRP channel interaction	Approved for medical use

 

✅The Future of Minor Cannabinoids in Europe

1) Research Expansion

• Human trials for CBG in IBS (2025-2026)
• CBC Phase II studies for depression
• Orphan drug designations for CBDV in rare epilepsies

2) Product Innovation

• CBG+CBC+CBDV "entourage effect" blends
• Nanoemulsified drinks for faster absorption
• Prescription cannabinoid medications in Germany

3) Regulatory Progress

• Novel Food approvals expected for all three
• THC limits raised to 0.3% (from 0.2%), enabling better extraction

4.       Use Cases in EU Wellness Products

✅Sleep & Relaxation: Beyond Melatonin

The Problem

• 1 in 3 Europeans suffer from sleep disorders (WHO)
• Traditional sleep aids often cause dependence or grogginess

The Cannabinoid Solution

CBN (Cannabinol) – The Natural Sedative

• Binds to CB1 receptors, enhancing GABA (calming neurotransmitter) (Sleep Medicine Reviews)
• Non-habit forming, unlike prescription sleep meds

CBDV for Restful Sleep

• Regulates circadian rhythms in preclinical studies

2025 EU Products to Watch

• CBN + CBDV sleep gummies (Swiss startup Noxz)
• Slow-release CBN patches (German brand Cannrelax)
• CBDV herbal tea blends (UK’s Hempire Gardens Sleep Series)

✅Mental Health & Stress: Anxiety Without SSRIs

The Problem

• EU antidepressant use rose 45% since 2010 (OECD)
• Consumers seek natural, non-addictive alternatives

The Cannabinoid Solution

CBG for Anxiety & Depression

• Boosts anandamide ("bliss molecule") (Psychopharmacology Journal)
• No sexual side effects (common with SSRIs)

CBC for Neurogenesis

• Stimulates brain cell growth in hippocampus

2025 EU Innovations

• CBG sublingual sprays for acute stress (Dutch company SanaBotanics)
• CBC-infused meditation chocolates (French wellness brand OmCanna)
• CBG:CBC daytime capsules (Italian startup NeuroHemp)

✅Pain & Inflammation: Post-NSAID Era

The Problem

• Long-term NSAID use causes kidney damage & ulcers
• Opioid crisis demands safer alternatives

The Cannabinoid Solution

CBC for Chronic Pain

• 10x more effective than CBD for arthritis pain (European Journal of Pain)
• No liver toxicity (unlike acetaminophen)

CBG for Neuropathic Pain

• Blocks TRPM8 receptors (frostbite/migraine pain) (Pain Journal)

2025 EU Market Leaders

• CBC topical gels for arthritis (German pharmaceutical CannPain)
• CBG transdermal patches for back pain (Spanish brand Alivio)
• CBG:CBC sports recovery balms (Swedish wellness line NordicExtract)

✅Skin Health: Cannabis-Powered Dermatology

The Problem

• 60% of Europeans suffer from acne, eczema, or psoriasis (EADV)
• Conventional treatments often dry or irritate skin

The Cannabinoid Solution

CBG for Acne & Aging

• Reduces sebum production by 70% (Journal of Clinical Investigation)
• Stimulates collagen synthesis

CBC for Eczema/Psoriasis

• Lowers IL-17 cytokines (key psoriasis trigger)

2025 Skincare Breakthroughs

• CBG anti-aging serums (Luxury French brand Cannabliss)
• CBC eczema creams (Danish dermatology startup SkinFix)
• CBG-infused sunscreen (Italian cosmeceutical SolCanna)

✅Gut Health: IBS & Microbiome Support

The Problem

• 11% of Europeans have IBS (UEG)
• Probiotics alone often inadequate for symptom relief

The Cannabinoid Solution

CBG for IBD

• Reduces intestinal inflammation in Crohn’s patients (PubMed)
• Improves gut motility without diarrhea risk

CBDV for Nausea

• Suppresses chemotherapy-induced vomiting

2025 Digestive Wellness Products

• CBG gut health capsules (Dutch brand SymbioCann)
• CBDV nausea lozenges (German medical startup CannMed)
• CBG-infused kombucha (UK’s FermentHemp)

✅Cognitive Performance: Nootropic Cannabinoids

The Problem

• Work-related stress reduces EU productivity by €617B annually (EU-OSHA)
• Traditional stimulants cause crashes & anxiety

The Cannabinoid Solution

CBDV for Focus

• Enhances dopamine signaling without jitters

THCV for Energy

• Stimulant effects at low doses (increases alertness) (Diabetes Care Journal)

2025 Smart Supplements

• CBDV+THCV focus drops (Austrian nootropic brand MindFuel)
• CBG brain fog gummies (Finnish startup NeuroNordic)
• CBC memory capsules (Swiss longevity company CerebraCann)

✅Regulatory Landscape: What’s Allowed in 2025?

Application	Legal Status	Leading Markets
Sleep aids	Fully legal (Novel Food)	Germany, Switzerland
Mental health	Medical claims restricted	Netherlands, UK
Pain relief	Allowed if <0.3% THC	Spain, Italy
Skincare	Cosmetics-approved	France, Denmark

 

5.       Legal & Safety Considerations

✅Legal Status of Minor Cannabinoids in 2025

Current EU Framework

The EU Novel Food Regulation governs cannabinoids, requiring pre-market authorization for ingestible products. Key updates expected by 2025:

Cannabinoid	2024 Status	2025 Projection
CBD	Approved (Novel Food)	Widely legal
CBG	Pending approval	Likely approved
CBC	Gray area	Expected approval
CBDV	Research phase	Medical use first
THCV	Restricted (<0.3% THC)	Possible relaxation

Source: European Industrial Hemp Association (EIHA)

Country-Specific Variations

• Germany: Full legalization (2024) may set precedent for THCV & CBN
• France: Strict on all ingestible cannabinoids (topicals only)
• Switzerland: Allows up to 1% THC (more flexibility for full-spectrum)

Key Takeaway: Always check national laws before selling or traveling with cannabinoids.

✅Safety & Side Effects: What Does Science Say?

General Safety Profile

Minor cannabinoids are non-intoxicating and well-tolerated in studies, but potential concerns exist:

CBG (Cannabigerol)

• Safety: No severe side effects in human trials (NCBI)
• Caution: May increase appetite (unlike CBD)

CBC (Cannabichromene)

• Safety: No toxicity reported, even at high doses (ScienceDirect)
• Caution: Could potentiate THC effects in full-spectrum products

CBDV (Cannabidivarin)

• Safety: Safe for pediatric epilepsy trials
• Caution: May cause mild drowsiness

Drug Interactions

• Cytochrome P450 Inhibition: Cannabinoids may alter metabolism of:
• Blood thinners (warfarin)
• Antidepressants (SSRIs)
• Epilepsy drugs (clobazam)
• Solution: Consult a doctor if taking prescription meds.

✅Compliance Checklist for EU Businesses (2025)

For Manufacturers

✔ Novel Food Authorization (Mandatory for ingestibles)
✔ THC Limits (<0.2% in most EU, <0.3% in Switzerland)
✔ GMP Certification (Good Manufacturing Practices)
✔ Third-Party Lab Testing (Heavy metals, pesticides, solvents)

For Retailers

✔ Accurate Labeling (CBD/CBG content ±10%)
✔ No Medical Claims (Only general wellness statements)
✔ Child-Resistant Packaging (Required in Germany, Netherlands)

✅Consumer Protection: How to Buy Safely

Red Flags to Avoid

❌ No lab reports (fake "full-spectrum" products)
❌ "Miracle cure" claims (illegal in EU)
❌ Unregulated markets (e.g., non-EU sellers ignoring Novel Food rules)

Green Flags for Quality

✔ Batch-specific COAs (Certificates of Analysis)
✔ EU-GMP certified facilities
✔ Transparent dosing (e.g., "25mg CBG per capsule")

✅Import/Export Rules: Key Changes for 2025

Within the EU

• Free movement if THC <0.2% and Novel Food-compliant
• Exception: France bans all ingestible cannabinoids

Outside the EU

• Switzerland: Easier to export (1% THC allowance)
• UK: Requires FSA approval post-Brexit
• US: Watch for FDA crackdowns on CBG/CBC

Case Study: A German CBG oil brand must:

1)      Verify Novel Food status

2)      Test for THC compliance

3)      Use certified transporters

✅Future Outlook: Pending EU Regulations

2025 Policy Predictions

• THC Limit Increase: From 0.2% to 0.3% (aligning with Switzerland)
• Medical Approvals: CBDV for epilepsy, CBG for IBS
• Sustainability Rules: Carbon-neutral hemp farming incentives

Risks to Monitor

• Overregulation stifling innovation
• Synthetic cannabinoids entering market

6.       Where to Buy in Bulk

✅Europe’s Best Bulk Suppliers (2025 Ranking)

1) Hempire Gardens – Premium EU-GMP Certified Isolates

Why They Stand Out:

• Specialty: Ultra-pure (>99%) CBG, CBC & CBDV isolates
• Compliance: Full Novel Food documentation for EU markets
• MOQ: 1kg (competitive for small brands)
• Testing: Batch-specific HPLC, heavy metal, pesticide reports

Best For: Brands needing ready-to-sell compliant ingredients
Visit: https://www.hempiregardens.com/bulk

2) SwissCanGrow – High-CBG Biomass Leader

Key Features:

• Organic CBG flower (12-18% CBG)
• THC-Free (<0.01%) for strict markets like France
• Price: €450/kg (2025 projected)

Ideal For: Manufacturers of full-spectrum extracts

3) NordicExtract – Best CBC Distillate

Advantages:

• 70% CBC distillate with terpenes
• CO2 extraction (no solvent residues)
• MOQ: 5kg

Perfect For: Topical and edible formulators

4) CannMed Spain – Pharmaceutical-Grade CBDV

Standout Traits:

• CBDV isolate for epilepsy research
• GMP & ISO 9001 certified
• Ships EU-wide with compliance paperwork

Target Users: Medical product developers

5) DutchHemp Trading – Budget-Friendly Blends

Offerings:

• CBG:CBD 50/50 broad-spectrum @ €1,200/kg
• Bulk terpene-infused oils

Best For: Startups needing low MOQs

✅Key Buying Considerations for 2025

A. Compliance Red Flags vs. Green Flags

Risk	Safe Choice
❌ No Novel Food dossier	✔ EFSA-reviewed application
❌ "THC-free" claims without labs	✔ <0.2% THC verified
❌ No GMP certification	✔ EU-GMP facility

B. Pricing Trends (2025 Projections)

Cannabinoid	2024 Price/kg	2025 Forecast
CBG Isolate	€3,200	€2,800
CBC Distillate	€8,500	€7,000
CBDV Isolate	€12,000	€9,500

Prices dropping due to improved hemp genetics & extraction tech

C. Required Documentation

1)      Certificate of Analysis (COA) – HPLC potency + contaminants

2)      Novel Food Proof – For ingestibles

3)      GMP/ISO Certificates – If supplying pharmacies

✅Sourcing Strategies for Different Business Models

A. White-Label Brands

• Go with pre-formulated blends (e.g., Hempire Gardens’ CBG:CBC 10:1 sleep formula)
• Minimum investment: €5,000 for 500 units

B. Extractors & Manufacturers

• Buy biomass (SwissCanGrow) + extract in-house
• Save 40% vs. pre-made isolates

C. Clinical Researchers

• Only use GMP-grade (e.g., CannMed Spain)
• Require stability studies (shelf-life data)

✅Future-Proofing Your Supply Chain

2025 Market Shifts to Anticipate

• Germany’s legalization may cause short-term shortages
• Sustainability demands will favor carbon-neutral suppliers
• Synthetic cannabinoids could disrupt pricing

Smart Moves for Buyers

✔ Lock in contracts before 2025 price drops stabilize
✔ Diversify suppliers across 2-3 countries
✔ Stockpile 6 months’ supply if using medical-grade

✅How to Test Before You Buy

Step 1: Request Samples

• Reputable suppliers like Hempire Gardens offer 50g test batches

Step 2: Third-Party Verification

• Send samples to Eurofins or Arge Canna for:
• Potency accuracy
• Residual solvents
• Microbiological safety

Step 3: Trial Formulations

• Test solubility in oils/water
• Check stability at high temps for edibles

7.       Conclusion

As Europe’s wellness industry evolves, CBG, CBC, and CBDV are poised to surpass CBD in popularity—not as replacements, but as specialized, research-backed alternatives. The 2025 cannabinoid market will be defined by:

✅ Key Takeaways

1)      Science-Backed Benefits

o    CBG for gut health, neuroprotection, and antibacterial effects

o    CBC for inflammation, brain health, and pain relief

o    CBDV for epilepsy, autism support, and muscle relaxation

2)      EU Market Trends

o    Personalized wellness (targeted cannabinoid blends)

o    Medical applications (Germany’s legalization paving the way)

o    Beauty & skincare innovations (CBG for acne, CBC for eczema)

3)      Regulatory Progress

o    Novel Food approvals expected for CBG, CBC, and CBDV

o    THC limits may increase (0.2% → 0.3%) in some EU countries

o    Stricter compliance for labeling, testing, and safety

4)      Sourcing & Quality

o    Bulk buyers must verify:
✔ Novel Food compliance
✔ Third-party lab reports (HPLC, heavy metals, pesticides)
✔ GMP-certified suppliers (e.g., Hempire Gardens, CannMed Spain)

🚀 What’s Next for EU Brands?

• Innovative formulations (nanoemulsions, transdermal patches, functional beverages)
• Clinical research expansion (human trials for CBG in IBS, CBC for depression)
• Sustainable hemp farming (EU incentives for carbon-neutral production)

🔗 Where to Start?

For brands looking to capitalize on the 2025 cannabinoid boom, partnering with reliable, compliant suppliers is critical. Explore:

• Hempire Gardens (Premium CBG, CBC, CBDV isolates) → Visit Now
• SwissCanGrow (High-CBG biomass)
• NordicExtract (CBC distillate for topicals)

The future of EU wellness is minor cannabinoids—will your brand be part of it? 🌿💡

📌 Ready to innovate? Stay ahead with lab-tested, EU-compliant cannabinoids in 2025!

Here you can find cannabis products available in UK.

 

 

 

References:

1. Neuroprotection: Frontiers in Neuroscience (2018)
2. Antibacterial: American Society for Microbiology (2020)
3. Gut Health: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (2021)
4. Anti-inflammatory: European Journal of Pharmacology (2022)
5. Neurogenesis: Stem Cell Research & Therapy (2023)
6. Acne Treatment: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2021)
7. Epilepsy: Frontiers in Pharmacology (2022)
8. Autism Spectrum: Neurotherapeutics (2023)
9. European Industrial Hemp Association (EIHA) (2024) – "2025 Projections for CBG, CBC, and CBDV"
10. European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) (2023) – "Novel Food Guidelines for Cannabinoids"
11. Brightfield Group (2024) – "72% of CBD Users Interested in Minor Cannabinoids"
12. European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction (EMCDDA) (2024) – "THC Limits & Cannabinoid Legality in the EU"